Lokacin da muke magana game da gurɓataccen iska, yawanci muna tunanin iska a waje, amma tare da mutane suna ciyar da lokaci da ba a taɓa gani ba a cikin gida, ba a taɓa samun lokacin da ya dace don yin la'akari da alaƙar lafiya da ingancin iska na cikin gida (IAQ).
COVID-19 yana yaduwa musamman tsakanin mutanen da ke kusanci da juna.Lokacin cikin gida, ana samun ƙarancin iska don tarwatsawa da yayyafa ƙwayoyin cuta lokacin da aka fitar da su, don haka haɗarin yaduwar COVID-19 zuwa wani mutum da ke kusa ya fi kasancewa a waje.
Kafin COVID-19 ya buge, akwai 'yan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙuduri don magance mahimmancin IAQ a wuraren jama'a kamar sinima, dakunan karatu, makarantu, gidan abinci, otal, da sauransu. Makarantu suna kan gaba a wannan annoba.Rashin samun iska a cikin makarantu ya zama ruwan dare, musamman a tsofaffin gine-gine.
9 ga Oktoba, 2020, AHRI ta ƙaddamar da kamfen na dijital, da nufin taimakawa tsarin makarantu a duk faɗin ƙasar don haɓaka ingancin iska na cikin gida a matsayin hanyar sanya makarantu mafi aminci.
Ya gabatar da hanyoyi 5 don taimakawa masu gudanar da makaranta ko malamai don tsarawa ko haɓaka ingantaccen tsarin HVAC na makaranta.
1. Riƙe ayyuka daga ƙwararrun mai bada HVAC da ƙwararru
A cewar ASHARE, don tsarin HVAC mafi girma kuma mai rikitarwa kamar ginawa a makarantu, yakamata ya riƙe sabis daga ƙwararren ƙira, ko ƙwararren mai ba da izini, ko ƙwararren gwaji, daidaitawa da daidaita mai bada sabis.Bugu da kari, ya kamata ma'aikatan da wadannan kamfanoni ke aiki da su NATE (Kwarewar Fasaha ta Arewacin Amurka) don tabbatar da cewa sun kware sosai, an gwada su, kuma sun kware a fagen HVAC.
2. Samun iska
Kamar yadda yawancin na'urorin sanyaya iska ba sa samar da iska mai kyau, amma a maimakon haka sun sake zagayawa cikin gida da sanyaya yanayin zafi.Koyaya, dilution na gurɓataccen abu, gami da iska mai kamuwa da cuta, ta hanyar iskar iska ta waje wani muhimmin dabarar IAQ ce.ASHRAE Standard 62.1.Bincike ya nuna cewa ko da mafi ƙarancin matakan iskar iska a waje na iya rage yaduwar mura zuwa wani wuri yawanci ana danganta shi da kashi 50 zuwa 60 cikin 100 na allurar rigakafi, wanda ke sa kamuwa da cuta ya ragu.
3.Haɓaka tacewa
Kalmar da aka yi amfani da ita don bayyana ingancin tace injin shine MERV(Ƙimar Rahoton Ƙimar Ƙarfin Ƙarfi), mafi girman darajar MERV, mafi girman ingancin tacewa.ASHRAE ta ba da shawarar cewa tsarin HVAC a makaranta ya kamata ya ɗauki ingancin tacewa ya kasance aƙalla MERV 13 da kuma ingantacciyar MERV14 don rage yaduwar iska mai kamuwa da cuta.Amma a halin yanzu, yawancin tsarin HVAC kawai sanye take da MERV 6-8, masu tacewa mafi girma suna buƙatar matsananciyar iska don tuƙi ko tilasta iska ta cikin tacewa, don haka dole ne a kula yayin haɓaka ingantaccen tacewa a cikin tsarin HVAC don tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin. na tsarin HVAC ya wadatar don ɗaukar ingantattun masu tacewa ba tare da yin illa ga ikon tsarin don kula da yanayin zafin cikin gida da ake buƙata na ginin da yanayin yanayin zafi da dangantakar matsa lamba ta sararin samaniya ba.Wani ƙwararren ƙwararren HVAC yana da kayan aikin don tantance matsakaicin yuwuwar tacewa MERV don tsarin mutum ɗaya.
4.UV haske magani
UVGI (ultraviolet germicidal irradiation) shine amfani da makamashin UV don kashe ko kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da fungi.Hasken lantarki na UV yana da gajeriyar zango fiye da na hasken da ake iya gani.
A cikin 1936, Hart ya yi nasarar amfani da UVGI don lalata iska a dakin aiki na asibitin Jami'ar Duke ta hanyar nuna raguwar kamuwa da raunin tiyata.
Wani bincike mai mahimmanci a lokacin cutar kyanda na 1941-1942 ya nuna raguwar kamuwa da cuta a tsakanin yaran makarantar Philadelphia a cikin azuzuwan da aka shigar da tsarin UVGI, idan aka kwatanta da sarrafa azuzuwan ba tare da UVGI ba.
Tsarin lalata UV na HVAC yana haɓaka tacewa na al'ada, Aaron Engel, mai kera kayan ingancin iska na cikin gida na FRESH-Aire UV ya ce, ta hanyar magance ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke da ƙarancin isa su wuce ta matattara.
Kamar yadda aka gani a cikin takarda AHRI, ana iya amfani da maganin hasken UV azaman kari don tacewa, kashe ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke tserewa.
5. Kula da danshi
Dangane da wani gwaji da aka buga akan Mujallar PLOS DAYA akan Babban Humidity yana haifar da Asarar Cutar Cutar Cutar Murar Kwayoyin cuta daga Tarin Simulated, sakamakon ya nuna cewa jimlar kwayar cutar da aka tattara na mintuna 60 ta riƙe 70.6-77.3% kamuwa da cuta a yanayin zafi ≤23% amma kawai 14.6-22.2 % a dangi zafi ≥43%.
A ƙarshe, ƙwayoyin cuta ba su da ƙarfi a cikin gine-gine masu zafi tsakanin kashi 40 zuwa 60.Makarantun da ke cikin yanayi mai sanyi suna da sauƙi ga matakan zafi ƙasa da mafi kyau, yana mai da masu ƙoshin ruwa zama larura.
Muddin cutar ta COVID-19 ta kasance a cikin al'umma kuma babu maganin rigakafi, ba za a taɓa samun haɗarin kwayar cutar ba a makarantu.Yiwuwar yaduwar kwayar cutar har yanzu tana nan, don haka, dole ne a dauki matakan ragewa.
Bugu da ƙari, yin aikin zamantakewa, nisantar jiki tsakanin ɗalibai da ma'aikata, kula da tsabtar hannu, amfani da abin rufe fuska, da kuma kula da yanayi mai kyau, kamar yadda yake a makarantu a duniya, ingantaccen tsarin HVAC mai inganci, tare da isasshen iska. haɗe tare da kayan aikin hasken UV da mai kula da zafi tabbas zai inganta ta'aziyya da amincin ginin, inganta haɓakar koyo na ɗalibai.
Iyaye suna son 'ya'yansu su dawo gida lafiya kuma cikin yanayin jiki iri ɗaya lokacin da aka loda su zuwa makarantu tun farko.
Abubuwan tace iska na Holtop don anti-virus:
1.Na'urar dawo da makamashi tare da tace HEPA
2.UVC + photocatalysis tace akwatin lalata iska
4.Customized iska disinfection mafita
Littafin Rubuce-rubuce
http://www.ahrinet.org/App_Content/ahri/files/RESOURCES/Anatomy_of_a_Heathy_School.pdf
e AASHRAE COVID-19 Shirye-shiryen Albarkatun Yanar Gizo
https://www.ashrae.org/file%20library/technical%20resources/covid-19/martin.pdf
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/guidance-business-response.html
Lokacin aikawa: Nov-01-2020