Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka haumia o ka ea, manaʻo mākou i ka ea ma waho, akā me ka poʻe e hoʻolilo i ka manawa like ʻole i loko o ka hale, ʻaʻohe manawa kūpono e noʻonoʻo ai i ka pilina ma waena o ke olakino a me ka maikaʻi o ka ea o loko (IAQ).
Hoʻolaha nui ʻia ka COVID-19 ma waena o ka poʻe i pili kokoke i kekahi.I loko o ka hale, ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi ka ea e hoʻopuehu a hoʻoheheʻe i nā ʻāpana viral i ka wā e hemo ai, no laila ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o COVID-19 i kahi kanaka ʻē aʻe ma mua o waho.
Ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o COVID-19, he liʻiliʻi ka manaʻo paʻa e kamaʻilio i ke koʻikoʻi o ka IAQ ma nā wahi ākea e like me nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, hale waihona puke, kula, hale ʻaina, hōkele, etc. Aia nā kula ma nā laina mua o kēia maʻi maʻi.ʻO ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka ea i loko o nā kula, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hale kahiko.
ʻOkakopa 9, 2020, ua hoʻokumu ʻo AHRI i kahi hoʻolaha kikohoʻe, i manaʻo ʻia e kōkua i nā ʻōnaehana kula a puni ka ʻāina e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka ea i loko o ke ʻano he ala e palekana ai nā kula.
Hoʻopuka ʻo ia i 5 ʻo ia ka mea e kōkua i nā luna kula a i ʻole nā mea hoʻonaʻauao e hoʻolālā a hoʻomaikaʻi paha i kahi ʻōnaehana HVAC kula hilinaʻi.
1. Ka mālama ʻana i nā lawelawe mai kahi mea hoʻolako HVAC kūpono a hōʻoia ʻia
Wahi a ASHARE, no ka ʻōnaehana HVAC nui a paʻakikī e like me ke kūkulu ʻia i loko o nā kula, pono e mālama i nā lawelawe mai kahi ʻoihana hoʻolālā kūpono, a i ʻole kahi mea hāʻawi komisina i hōʻoia ʻia, a i ʻole kahi hoʻāʻo hōʻoia, hoʻoponopono a kaulike ʻana.Eia kekahi, pono e hōʻoia ʻia nā ʻenehana i hoʻohana ʻia e kēia mau ʻoihana e NATE ( North American Technician Excellence) i mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia, hoʻāʻo ʻia, a mākaukau hoʻi i ke kahua HVAC.
2. Ka makani
No ka mea, ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka hapa nui o nā ea ea i ka ea hou, akā hoʻihoʻi hou i ka ea o loko a hoʻomaha i ka mahana.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā mea haumia, me nā aerosol infectious, e ka ea ea o waho he kumu hoʻolālā IAQ i loko.ASHRAE Kūlana 62.1.Ua hōʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana hiki i nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka ea o waho ke hōʻemi i ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi i kahi ākea pili ma'amau me ka 50- a hiki i ka 60-pakeneka pākēneka o ka lā'au lapa'au, e emi mai ana ka ma'i.
3. Hoʻonui i nā kānana
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo i hoʻohana ʻia no ka wehewehe ʻana i ka pono kānana mīkini ʻo MERV (Ka Waiwai Hōʻike Hōʻike Kūʻē liʻiliʻi), ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka māka MERV, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pono kānana.Manaʻo ʻo ASHRAE e hoʻohana nā ʻōnaehana HVAC ma ke kula i ka pono kānana ma ka liʻiliʻi he MERV 13 a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o MERV14 i mea e hoʻēmi maikaʻi ai i ka lawe ʻana i nā aerosol infectious.Akā i kēia manawa, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻōnaehana HVAC wale nō i hoʻolako ʻia me MERV 6-8, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kānana ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ea e hoʻokele a hoʻoikaika paha i ka ea ma o ka kānana, no laila pono e mālama i ka wā e hoʻonui ai i ka pono kānana i kahi ʻōnaehana HVAC e hōʻoia i ka hiki ʻO ka ʻōnaehana HVAC ua lawa ia e hoʻokipa i nā kānana maikaʻi loa me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka hiki o ka ʻōnaehana ke mālama i nā kūlana wela o loko a me nā kūlana haʻahaʻa a me nā pilina pili ākea.Loaʻa i kahi ʻenehana HVAC kūpono nā mea hana e hoʻoholo ai i ka kānana MERV kiʻekiʻe loa no kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokahi.
4.Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kukui UV
ʻO ka ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu UV e pepehi a hoʻopau paha i nā ʻano viral, bacteria, a me nā ʻano fungal.ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka radiation electromagnetic o UV ma mua o ke kukui ʻike ʻia.
I ka makahiki 1936, ua hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻo Hart i ka UVGI no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ea ma ke keʻena hana o ka haukapila o Duke University ma o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻeha o ka maʻi maʻi.
Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi ʻāina i ka wā o ka maʻi ʻaʻai o 1941-1942 i ka emi nui o ka maʻi ma waena o nā keiki kula Philadelphia i loko o nā lumi papa kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka ʻōnaehana UVGI, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā lumi papa me ka ʻole o UVGI.
ʻO nā ʻōnaehana disinfection UV no ka HVAC e hoʻokō i ka kānana maʻamau, ʻo Aaron Engel, ka mea hana ʻenehana o ka ea o loko o FRESH-Aire UV i ʻōlelo ʻia, ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana i nā microorganism liʻiliʻi e hele i nā kānana.
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pepa AHRI, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka mālama kukui UV i mea hoʻohui i ka kānana, pepehi i nā pathogens e pakele.
5. Hoʻomalu i ka haʻahaʻa
Wahi a kahi hoʻokolohua i paʻi ʻia ma ka puke pai PLOS ONE ma High Humidity Leads to Loss of Infectious Influenza Virus from Simulated Coughs, hōʻike ka hopena i ka huina o nā maʻi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia no 60 mau minuke i mālama ʻia he 70.6–77.3% infectivity ma kahi haʻahaʻa pili ≤23% akā 14.6-22.2 wale nō. % ma kahi haʻahaʻa pili ≥43%.
I ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā virus i nā hale me ka haʻahaʻa ma waena o 40- a me 60-pakeneka.Hiki i nā kula i nā pi'i anuanu ke ma'alahi i nā ha'aha'a ha'aha'a ha'aha'a ma mua o ka maika'i loa, no laila he mea pono ka humidifiers.
ʻOiai ka lōʻihi o ka maʻi maʻi COVID-19 i loko o ke kaiāulu a ʻaʻohe kano kano, ʻaʻole loa e loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi i nā kula.Aia nō ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi virus, no laila, pono e lawe ʻia nā hana mitigation.
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka pilikanaka, ka hele kino kino ma waena o nā haumāna a me nā limahana, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima maikaʻi, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā masks, a me ka mālama ʻana i kahi nohona olakino, e like me ke ʻano o nā kula a puni ka honua, kahi ʻōnaehana HVAC maikaʻi i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia, kiʻekiʻe, me ka ea kūpono. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana me nā lako kukui UV a me ka mea hoʻoponopono haʻahaʻa e hoʻomaikaʻi maoli i ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka palekana o kahi hale, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono aʻo ʻana o nā haumāna.
Makemake nā mākua e hoʻi mai kā lākou mau keiki i ka home me ka maluhia a me ke ʻano kino like i ka wā e hoʻouka ʻia ai lākou i nā kula ma kahi mua.
ʻO nā huahana kānana ea ʻo Holtop no ka anti-virus:
1.ʻO ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana i ka ikehu me ka kānana HEPA
2.UVC + photocatalysis kānana pahu disinfection ea
3.ʻO ka ʻenehana hou ea disinfection type air purifier me ka 99.9% disinfection rate
4.Customized ea disinfection solutions
Bibliography of Citations
http://www.ahrinet.org/App_Content/ahri/files/RESOURCES/Anatomy_of_a_Heathy_School.pdf
e ASHRAE COVID-19 Preparedness Resources punaewele
https://www.ashrae.org/file%20library/technical%20resources/covid-19/martin.pdf
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/guidance-business-response.html
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-01-2020