Ukuthengiswa kweeyunithi zokuphatha umoya eJamani kwisiqingatha sokuqala se-2012 kuphelele i-€ 264 yezigidi xa kuthelekiswa ne-€ 244 yezigidi ngexesha elifanayo kwi-2011.
Ngokophando lwamalungu ombutho worhwebo kwiinkqubo zomoya.Ngokubhekiselele kumanani, imveliso yenyuka ukusuka kwiiyunithi ze-19,000 ukuya kwi-23,000 kwi-2012. Umlinganiselo weeyunithi ezineemodyuli ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zokubuyisela ubushushu kwakuyi-60%.
I-China Association for Engineering Construction Standardization yabhengezwa, IMIGANGATHO YOKUHLALA OKULUHLAZA CECS377:2014 iya kuqaliswa ukususela ngo-Oct 1, 2014 emva kokupapashwa kwayo ngo-Jun 19, 2014, ehlelwe kwaye yavavanywa yiKomiti yeNdalo ye-China Real Estate Research.
Imigangatho iqulunqwe yathatha iminyaka esibhozo kwaye yaba ngumbutho wokuqala wemigangatho yoshishino lolwakhiwo lwendawo yokuhlala eluhlaza eTshayina.Badibanisa inkqubo yovavanyo lwehlabathi oluphezulu lwezakhiwo eziluhlaza kunye nolwakhiwo lwasezidolophini lwasekuhlaleni kunye nemowudi yophuhliso lwezindlu nomhlaba, ukugcwalisa indawo engenanto yemigangatho yokuhlaliswa kohlaza yaseTshayina, kunye nokukhuthaza lo msebenzi.
Imigangatho iqukumbela izahluko ezisi-9, ezinje ngemigaqo ngokubanzi, isigama, ukudityaniswa kwendawo yokwakha, ixabiso lengingqi, ukusebenza kakuhle kwetrafikhi, iindawo zokuhlala ezilungelelanisiweyo zobuntu, izixhobo zokusebenza kunye nezibonelelo zamandla eziluncedo, okusingqongileyo okutofotofo, ulawulo lweendawo zokuhlala ezizinzileyo, njl. ukusetyenziswa komthombo, isithili esivulekileyo, izithuthi zabahambi ngeenyawo, indawo yebhloko yorhwebo njalo njalo, ejolise ekutyaleni ingqikelelo yophuhliso oluzinzileyo kuphuhliso nolawulo lweprojekthi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ummi uhlala kwindawo ecocekileyo, entle, efanelekileyo, enemisebenzi emininzi, eluhlaza kunye noluntu oluvumelanayo. .
Imigangatho iya kuqalisa ukusebenza nge-10 ka-Okthobha ka-2014. Banobuchule obutsha bokwandisa indawo yokufunda kunye novavanyo ukusuka kwisakhiwo esiluhlaza ukuya kwiindawo zokuhlala eziluhlaza.Abafaki izicelo kuphela kwiindawo ezihlala iidolophu ezitsha, ulwakhiwo lwe-eco-city kunye nolwakhiwo lwepaki yemizi-mveliso, kodwa banendima entle ekukhokeleni ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kwedolophu kunye neeprojekthi ze-eco eluhlaza kwiidolophu ezincinci.
Xa kuthelekiswa nenkxalabo yoluntu malunga nomgangatho womoya wasezidolophini, umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi awuthathelwa ngqalelo.Enyanisweni, kubantu abaninzi, phantse ama-80 ekhulwini exesha alichitha ezindlwini.Ingcali yathi, amasuntswana amakhulu anokuthi abekwe yedwa yifestile yenethiwekhi, kodwa i-PM2.5 kunye namasuntswana angaphantsi anokungena lula ngaphakathi, iqinile, iqinile, akukho lula ukuyihlalisa phantsi, inokuhlala iintsuku okanye iintsuku ezininzi. umoya wangaphakathi.
Impilo yinto yokuqala yobomi, ibe yenye yezinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kuthengwa indawo yokuhlala, iimfuno ezincinci zokuhlala kufuneka zinciphise kakhulu ukuba nokwenzeka kwempilo ngaphakathi kwe-PM2.5, ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo zokungenisa umoya, ukukwazi ukungcola kwangaphakathi kukhutshwe ngaphandle.Ngokukodwa kwi-high tightness yomoya kunye nezakhiwo ezifakwe kakuhle, inkqubo yokungena umoya kufuneka ibe yinto efunekayo.Kwiindawo ezingcolisekileyo, isihluzo sokungenisa umoya esiphezulu esisebenzayo siyimfuneko ukumisa ungcoliseko lomoya ngaphandle, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukufikelela kumoya wangaphakathi ngumoya omtsha ngokwenene.
Ngokwezibalo, i-Energy recovery ventilator (ERV) eYurophu kunye nokungena ekhaya kufikelele kwi-96.56%, e-United States, eJapan, eBritane nakwamanye amazwe aphuhlileyo, ishishini elikumda we-GDP lifikelele kwi-2.7%.Kodwa okwangoku e-China kusebuntwaneni bayo.Ngokwengxelo yamva nje amaziko ophando e-Navigant, ingeniso yemalike ye-ERV iya kukhula ukusuka kwi-1.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2014 ukuya kwi-2.8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2020.
Ukuqwalasela iingenelo zayo zokuphucula umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi ngelixa unciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, i-ERV iye yanda kakhulu kwaye ithandwa kakhulu ekhaya.
Ubushushu obulungeleleneyo kunye nenkqubo yokungenisa umoya yokubuyisela amandla isebenza ngokuqhubekayo ngokutsala umoya kumagumbi amanzi angaphakathi kwipropati yakho (umzekelo, iikhitshi kunye nezindlu zangasese) kunye nokutsala umoya omtsha ophuma ngaphandle ohluzwayo, ongeniswe kwaye utsalwe ngothungelwano lwe-ducting.
Ubushushu obuvela kumoya osele bukhutshiwe butsalwa ngokutshintsha ubushushu bomoya ukuya emoyeni obuphakathi kweyunithi yokungenisa ubushushu kunye namandla okubuyisela umoya ngokwawo kwaye busetyenziselwa ukufudumeza umoya ococekileyo ongenayo ococekileyo kumagumbi okuhlala kwipropathi yakho njengamagumbi okuhlala kunye. amagumbi okulala.Kwezinye iimeko malunga ne-96% yobushushu obuveliswe kwipropati yakho inokugcinwa.
Inkqubo yenzelwe ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo kwi-trickle kwaye inokunyuswa ngesandla okanye ngokuzenzekelayo xa amanqanaba aphezulu okufuma ekhona (.umz. xa upheka kwaye uhlamba). Ezinye iinkqubo zikwabonelela ngefasilithi yokudlula ehlotyeni (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-night free cooling) edla ngokusebenza. ngexesha leenyanga zasehlotyeni kwaye ivumela ubushushu ukuba buphume kwipropati ngaphandle kokudlula kwi-air exchanger heat.Ngokuxhomekeke kuluhlu lweyunithi, eli nqaku linokulawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ngokutshintsha ngesandla.I-HOLTP ibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zolawulo, khuphela incwadana yethu ye-ERV ngoku ukuze ufumane ngakumbi.
Zininzi iindlela zokuphucula inkqubo yakho ye-ERVs ngokongeza umthombo wobushushu owongezelelweyo ukuphakamisa ubushushu bomoya ongenayo, kunye nezixhobo zokupholisa ukubonelela ngelungiselelo lobushushu bomoya.
Ngenxa yokuba ingxaki ye-Ukraine yokungenisa igesi yegesi yaseRashiya kutshanje, i-European Union yenza i-target entsha yamandla ngomhla we-23 kaJulayi, ijolise ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla nge-30% ukuya ku-2030. Ngokwale njongo, yonke i-European Union iya kuzuza kwimiphumo emihle. .
Umkomishinala wemozulu we-EU uConnie uthe eli nyathelo linokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwe-EU ekuthengeni igesi yendalo kunye namafutha efosili evela eRashiya nakwamanye amazwe.Ukwathe amanyathelo ogcino lwamandla ayizondaba ezilungileyo nje zemozulu notyalo-mali, kodwa neendaba ezimnandi zokhuseleko lwamandla kunye nokuzimela kweYurophu.
Okwangoku, i-EU ichitha ngaphezu kwe-400 yeebhiliyoni zee-euro ekungeniseni amafutha e-fossil, phakathi kwezi nxalenye enkulu ivela eRashiya.Izibalo zeKhomishini yaseYurophu zibonisa ukuba yonke i-1% yokonga amandla, i-EU iya kukwazi ukunciphisa ukuthengiswa kwegesi nge-2.6%.
Ngenxa yokuxhomekeka okuphezulu kumandla avela kumazwe angaphandle, iinkokeli ze-EU zinika ingqwalasela enzulu kuphuhliso lwamandla amatsha kunye nesicwangciso semozulu.Kwintlanganiso yengqungquthela ye-EU yasehlobo esandul 'ukugqitywa, iinkokeli ze-EU zibeka phambili ukuba kwiminyaka eyi-5 ezayo ziya kumisela amandla amatsha kunye nesicwangciso semozulu, kwaye injongo kukuphepha ukuxhomekeka kakhulu kwi-fuel fuels kunye negesi yendalo.
Kwisiteyitimenti esikhutshwe emva kwentlanganiso, iinkokeli ze-EU zathi ngenxa yeziganeko ze-geopolitical, kunye nefuthe lokutshintsha kwemozulu kukhuphiswano lwehlabathi lwamandla lunyanzelise i-EU ukuba iphinde icinge ngamandla kunye nesicwangciso semozulu.Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamandla, injongo ye-EU kukuseka umanyano lwamandla "olufikelelekayo, olukhuselekileyo noluzinzileyo".
Kule minyaka mihlanu izayo, i-EU amandla kunye nemozulu isicwangciso siya kugxininisa iinkalo ezintathu: Okokuqala, uphuhliso lwamashishini kunye namandla afikelelekayo kawonke-wonke, umsebenzi othile uquka ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ukunciphisa imfuno yamandla, ukusekwa kwemarike yamandla edibeneyo, ukomeleza. Amandla othethathethwano lweManyano yaseYurophu njl.njl. Okwesibini, qinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamandla kunye nokukhawulezisa ukwahluka konikezelo lwamandla kunye neendlela.Okwesithathu, ukuphuhlisa amandla ohlaza ukuthothisa ukufudumala kwehlabathi.
NgoJanuwari 2014, iKhomishini yaseYurophu icetywayo kwi-"2030 Climate and Energy Framework" ukuba kwi-2030, ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse kuncitshiswe ngama-40%, amandla avuselelekayo anyuke ubuncinane ngama-27%.Nangona kunjalo, ikomishoni ayizange ibeke iinjongo zokonga umbane.Injongo entsha ecetywayo yokonga amandla kukuphucula isakhelo esingentla.
Ngokwesibhengezo seKomishoni yaseYurophu, ukuze kuphuhliswe iindlela ezininzi zokujongana nokutshintsha kwemozulu yehlabathi, baya kutyala imali eyibhiliyoni ye-Euro kwiiprojekthi ze-18 ezitsha zokuvuselela amandla kunye neprojekthi enye "yokubamba kunye nokutywina i-CO2".Iiprojekthi ezingentla zisusela kumandla ezinto eziphilayo, amandla elanga, amandla omhlaba, amandla omoya, amandla olwandle, igridi ehlakaniphile kunye “nokubamba nokutywina itekhnoloji yeCO2, phakathi kwazo zonke iiprojekthi “zokubambisa nokutywina iCO2” kokokuqala ukuba ikhethiwe.Ngokutsho kokuqikelelwa kwe-European Union, ehamba kunye neeprojekthi ezenziweyo, amandla avuselelekayo aya kwandiswa ngeeyure ze-terawatt ze-8 (iyure ye-terawatt = i-1 yebhiliyoni ye-kilowatt iyure) elingana nokusetyenziswa kwamandla onyaka eCyprus naseMalta.
Kuthiwa kwezi projekthi kwangeniswa ngaphezulu kwe-0.9 yeebhiliyoni zee-Euro, oku kuthetha ukuba kufutshane ne-2 yeebhiliyoni zee-Euro yatyalwa kumjikelo wesibini wesicwangciso sotyalo-mali se-NER300.I-European Union inethemba phantsi kweeprojekthi ezingentla apha, amandla avuselelekayo kunye "nokubamba kunye nokutywina i-CO2" iteknoloji ingakhula ngokukhawuleza.Kumjikelo wokuqala wotyalo-mali ngoDisemba, ka-2012, kufutshane ne-1.2 yebhiliyoni ye-Euro yasetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi ezingama-23 zamandla ahlaziyekayo.I-European Union yathi "njengeeprojekthi ezintsha zokuxhasa imali ngekhabhoni ephantsi, iNER300 ingxowa-mali ivela kwingeniso ngokuthengisa izabelo zekhabhoni zokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwinkqubo yokurhweba ngekhabhoni yaseYurophu, le nkqubo yokurhweba ijolise kubangcolisi bahlawule ngokwabo kwaye babe ngamandla aphambili okuphuhlisa uqoqosho lwekhabhoni ephantsi”.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kuncitshiswe iimpembelelo ezimbi zokusingqongileyo kwaye kujongwe ekucutheni ukukhutshwa kweCO2.IYurophu yenza ummiselo omtsha ogama lingu-ERP2015 ukuya kumlinganiselo omncinci wokuphumelela kubalandeli kwi-EU, ummiselo uya kuba yimfuneko kuwo onke amazwe angama-27 e-EU malunga nabalandeli abathengiswayo okanye abathunyelwa ngaphandle, lo mmiselo usetyenziswa nakuwuphi na omnye umatshini ongabalandeli abadityanisiweyo njengamacandelo.
Qala ngoJanuwari ka-2015, abalandeli bazo zonke iintlobo ezibandakanya abalandeli be-axial, abalandeli be-centrifugal abanamacangca agobileyo ngaphambili okanye ngasemva, ukuhamba-hamba kunye neefeni zediagonal apho amandla aphakathi kwe-0.125kW kunye ne-500kW ayachaphazeleka, oku kuthetha ukuba kumazwe aseYurophu, phantse yonke i-AC abalandeli baya kususwa ngenxa yalo mmiselo we-ERP2015, endaweni yoko, abalandeli be-DC okanye be-EC abanobuchwephesha obuluhlaza baya kuba lukhetho olutsha.Ndiyabulela kwisebe le-R & D, i-Holtop ngoku ithatha indawo yemveliso yokuthengisa eshushu njengeeyunithi ze-XHBQ-TP ukuba zibe yi-EC fan, kwiinyanga ezizayo kwi-2014 iiyunithi zethu ziya kuhambelana ne-ERP2015.
Ngezantsi sisikhokhelo ngokommiselo we-ERP2015:
Ngokwe-EU's Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), inguqulelo ehlaziyiweyo, engqongqo yeGerman Energy Saving Building Regulation (EnEV) kaMeyi 2014/1/ ibe ngowona mmiselo ubalulekileyo eJamani.Iqinisekisa ukuba i-Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) iyathotyelwa.
I-EPBD imisela ukuba ukususela ngo-2021 zonke izakhiwo ezitsha zokuhlala kunye nezingezizo zokuhlala zingakhiwa kuphela njengezakhiwo eziphantse zibe yi-zero-energy, Ukongeza, i-ENEV iqulethe izibonelelo zokuqinisekisa ukuba amaqokobhe okwakha akumgangatho ophezulu.Ikhankanya imfuneko yogqume eludongeni, isilingi kunye nomgangatho, ubunganga befestile obuphantsi kunye nokuxinana komoya okuphezulu, iisistim zobugcisa zibe namandla amancinane kangangoko kunokwenzeka, apho kukho inkxalabo ngexabiso eliphantsi lobuchule bokufudumeza, ukungena komoya, isikhenkcisi kunye nesixokelelwano somoya.Thatha iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya ngokukhawuleza, kwi-airflow ye-2000m3 / h, kukho ummiselo wokuba inkqubo yokubuyisela ubushushu kufuneka isetyenziswe, kunye namalungiselelo okusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kwi-ventilators yokubuyisela ubushushu.
Ukususela kwi-2016, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kwizakhiwo kuya kuba ngama-25% ngaphantsi kwento ekhoyo ngoku.
izinto ezingcolisa umoya zangaphakathi zinokuchaphazela impilo yakho ngokunzulu
Kwizakhiwo zanamhlanje, njengoko ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwe-air conditioning, izakhiwo ziba nzima ngakumbi ukuze kugcinwe amandla.Izinga lokutshintshiselana lomoya wendalo kwisakhiwo sanamhlanje liye lancipha kakhulu.
Kuyingozi kwimpilo yomntu ukuba umoya umdaka kakhulu.Ngomnyaka we-1980, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi wabiza ngokusemthethweni izifo njenge "Sick Building Syndrome" ezibangelwa ukungonelanga komoya ococekileyo kwi-air conditioners, eyaziwa ngokubanzi njenge "air conditioning sickness".
Ingxaki phakathi kokungena komoya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla
- Ukwandisa umoya omtsha yindlela efanelekileyo yokuphucula umgangatho womoya, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphakama kakhulu;
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla e-HVAC kuthatha ngaphezulu kwe-60% yokusetyenziswa kwamandla okwakha;
- Ngokubhekiselele kwizakhiwo zikawonke-wonke, ukubeka umoya oyi-1 m3/h umoya omtsha kufuneka kusetyenziswe amandla amalunga ne-9.5 kw.h ehlotyeni lonke.
Isisombululo
Ubushushu beHoltop & neventilator yokubuyisela amandla inokukhupha umoya odala ngaphakathi ngaphandle kwegumbi, okwangoku inikezela umoya omtsha ngaphandle kwigumbi, ngokusebenzisa ubushushu obuphambili / itekhnoloji yokubuyisela amandla, amandla anokutshintshiselana ngokuthatha ithuba lokwahluka kweqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma. phakathi komoya wangaphakathi nangaphandle.Ngale ndlela, ayinakugudisa kuphela ingxaki yongcoliseko lwangaphakathi, kodwa kunye nengxaki phakathi kokungena komoya kunye nokonga amandla.
Zimbini iindlela zokuphucula umgangatho womoya, enye kukunciphisa ungcoliseko loluntu, enye kukunyusa umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi wobuqu.E-China, urhulumente unika ingqwalasela kwisisombululo sangaphambili kwaye uphumeza isiphumo esihle kakhulu, nangona kunjalo, umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi wangaphakathi, abantu abafane banike ingqalelo koku.
Ngapha koko, ukusukela kwi-SARS ngo-2003, inkqubo yokungenisa umoya yokubuyisela ubushushu yamkelwa kungekudala, kodwa ihamba kunye nokuhamba kwesifo, olu hlobo lwenkqubo lulibaleke kancinci.Ukususela ngo-2010, Ngenxa yophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwemarike yezindlu zaseTshayina, abantu abaninzi ngakumbi batyala imali kwisakhiwo esiphilayo esiphezulu kunye nenkqubo yokungenisa umoya yokubuyisela ubushushu kwimbono yoluntu.
I-PM2.5, isalathiso esikhethekileyo esithetha indlela ongcoliseke ngayo umoya usiba shushu kakhulu e-China, e-Beijing, ikomkhulu lase-China eline-PM2.5 ephezulu ethathwa njengesixeko esingakulungelanga ukuhlala komntu. PM2.5 yaziwa ngokuba ziindawo eziphefumlayo ezinqunyanyisiweyo ezinobungozi ebantwini, ziya kubangela izifo zokuphefumla kunye nezifo zentliziyo kunye ne-cerebrovascular ngokulula.Ngaphambili, ungcoliseko lomoya eBeijing luqhele ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-100μm, kodwa kule minyaka ungcoliseko lusiya lusiba luncinci, xa i-diameter engcolisayo incinci kune-2.5μm, siyibiza ngokuba yi-PM2.5 kwaye banokungena kwindlela yethu yokuphefumla kwaye bangene ngaphakathi. i-alveoli yemiphunga.
“Iflethi esempilweni kufuneka inqabe kakhulu ungcoliseko lwe-PM2.5 ngaphakathi, oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka sibe nesihluzo somoya esisebenza kakuhle kwiyunithi yethu yenkqubo yokungenisa umoya” ingcali yokwakha indawo yokuhlala yatsho.
“Ngaphandle kwesihluzo somoya esisebenza kakuhle sibalulekile, ukonga amandla nako kubalulekile,” utshilo uMnu. umthwalo wokusetyenziswa kwamandla osapho.
Ngokutsho kophando, kwiintsapho zaseYurophu inkqubo yokuphefumla isantya sokuthandwa singaphezulu kwe-96.56%, e-UK, eJapan naseMelika, ixabiso elipheleleyo lemveliso yenkqubo yokuphefumla ithatha ngaphezulu kwe-2.7% yexabiso le-GDP.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ungcoliseko lomoya welizwe lusanda kakhulu.NgoJulayi, umgangatho womoya ubonisa isimo somoya, umlinganiselo wenani leentsuku eBeijing, eTianjin kunye ne-13 imigangatho yomgangatho womoya wasezidolophini phakathi kwe-25.8% ~ 96.8%, i-avareji ye-42.6% , ephantsi komndilili weentsuku ze-74 izixeko zomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo we-30.5 ekhulwini.Oko kuthetha ukuba, inani eliqhelekileyo leentsuku ezidlula umlinganiselo we-57,4%, umlinganiselo wongcoliseko olubi luphezulu kunezixeko ezingama-74 4,4 ekhulwini.Olona ngcoliseko luphambili yi-PM2.5, lulandelwa ngu-0.3.
Xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka odlulileyo, umyinge womlinganiselo kwizixeko eziqhelekileyo ze-13 zaseBeijing, ummandla waseTianjin wehla ngeepesenti ezingama-48.6 ukuya kuma-42.6 ekhulwini, ipesenti ye-6.0 iphantsi, umgangatho womoya unqabile.Izalathi zokubek' esweni ezintandathu, i-PM2.5 kunye ne-PM10 yokugxila inyuke nge-10.1% kunye ne-1.7%, i-SO2 kunye ne-NO2 i-concentration yehle nge-14.3% kunye ne-2.9% ngokulandelelanayo, i-avareji yemihla ngemihla ye-CO igqithise ireyithi engatshintshanga, nge-3rd kule nyanga, ubuninzi beeyure ezisi-8 zigqithise ixesha. izinga lokunyuka kwexabiso eliphakathi kwe-13.2 yeepesenti yeepesenti.
I-Holtop yokubuyisela amandla i-ventilator ixhotyiswe nge-PM2.5 filter, enokuthi ihluze ngaphezulu kwe-96% PM2.5, ngoko ke, kububulumko ngakumbi ukusebenzisa i-ventilator yokubuyisela amandla ukuhlaziya umoya kunokuvula iifestile.Ngaphandle koko, inokunciphisa umthwalo we-air conditioning.
Kukho izicwangciso ezisisiseko zokogqitha ungcoliseko lomoya wangaphakathi:
Ukuphelisa
Inyathelo lokuqala eliya kumoya ongcono wangaphakathi kukuchonga imithombo yongcoliseko lomoya kwaye ususe uninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwikhaya lakho.Unganciphisa uthuli kunye nobumdaka kwikhaya lakho ngokucoca kunye nokucoca ubuncinci kanye ngeveki.Kufuneka kwakhona uhlambe iilinen zebhedi kunye nezinto zokudlala ezixutyiweyo.Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unovelwano kumlilo, kufuneka ugcine ngokukhuselekileyo iimveliso zasekhaya kwaye uzisebenzise kuphela xa kukho imfuneko.Ukuba ufuna uncedo lokumisela ukuba unengxaki na ngezinto ezingcolisa umoya, qhagamshelana nomthengisi we-HOLTOP wasekuhlaleni ukuze avavanye ikhaya lakho kunye nenkqubo yokuthuthuzela yangaphakathi.
Ventilate
Amakhaya anamhlanje agqunywe kakuhle kwaye atywinwe ukuze onge amandla, nto leyo ethetha ukuba izinto ezingcolisa umoya azinandlela yakubaleka.Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya kwiHoltop zinceda ekususeni amasuntswana e-allergies-aggravating kunye neentsholongwane ngokutshintshisa umoya odala, ophinda ujikelezwe ngaphakathi endlini ngomoya omtsha, ohluziweyo wangaphandle.
Coca
Inkqubo yokucoca umoya weHoltop ihamba phambili;isusa amasuntswana, iintsholongwane namavumba, kwaye itshabalalisa imiphunga yemichiza.
Ukubeka iliso
Amanqanaba okufuma angafanelekanga kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngokwenene anokunyusa ukuxinana kwamasuntswana kunye neentsholongwane.Umlawuli okrelekrele weHoltop ulawula amanqanaba okufuma kunye namaqondo obushushu ukuphucula umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi kunye nokuphucula intuthuzelo.Ukumisela ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo yomgangatho womoya wangaphakathi ehlangabezana neemfuno zakho, qhagamshelana nomthengisi we-HOLTOP wasekhaya.
I-HRV ithetha i-ventilator yokubuyisela ubushushu eyinkqubo eyakhiwe kwisitshintshi sobushushu (esiqhele ukwenziwa yi-aluminiyam), olu hlobo lwenkqubo lunokukhupha umoya wangaphakathi wangaphakathi kwaye kwangaxeshanye kusetyenziswe ubushushu/okupholileyo ukusuka kumoya odala ukuya kubushushu bangaphambili/ Ukupholisa kwangaphambili umoya omtsha ongenayo, ngale ndlela yokunciphisa ubushushu bangaphakathi/isixhobo sokupholisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ukusuka ekufudumezeni okanye ekupholiseni umoya omtsha ukuya kumaqondo obushushu angaphakathi angaphakathi.
I-ERV ithetha i-ventilator yokubuyisela amandla eyinkqubo yesizukulwana esitsha eyakhiwe kwi-enthalpy exchanger (eqhele ukwenziwa ngephepha), inkqubo ye-ERV inomsebenzi ofanayo we-HRV kwaye kwangaxeshanye inokubuyisela ubushushu obufihlakeleyo (ukufuma) kumoya odala ngokunjalo.Ngaxeshanye, i-ERV ihlala ithanda ukugcina ukufuma okufanayo okungaphakathi endlwini ukuze abantu abangaphakathi bazive bethambile kwaye bengachatshazelwa kukufuma okuphezulu/okusezantsi okusuka kumoya omtsha.
Indlela yokukhetha i-HRV kunye ne-ERV isekelwe kwimozulu kunye nesiphi isixhobo sokufudumeza / sokupholisa onakho.
1. Umsebenzisi unesixhobo sokupholisa ehlotyeni kwaye ukufuma kwangaphandle kuphezulu kakhulu ngoko i-ERV ifanelekile kule meko, kuba phantsi kwesixhobo sokupholisa ubushushu bangaphakathi buphantsi kwaye kwangaxeshanye ukufuma kuthambile (i-A/C iya kukhupha ukufuma kwangaphakathi ngenxa amanzi ajiyileyo), nge-ERV inokukhupha umoya odala wangaphakathi, ipholise ngaphambili umoya omtsha kwaye ikhuphe ukufuma kumoya omtsha phambi kokungena endlwini.
2. Umsebenzisi unesixhobo sokufudumeza eBusika kwaye kwangaxeshanye ukufuma kwangaphakathi kuphezulu kakhulu kodwa ukufuma kwangaphandle kuthambile, ngoko ke i-HRV ifanelekile kule meko, kuba i-HRV inokufudumeza umoya omtsha, kwangaxeshanye inokukhupha phezulu. ukufuma emoyeni wangaphakathi ukuya ngaphandle kwaye ungenise umoya omtsha wangaphandle kunye nokufuma okuthambileyo (ngaphandle kokutshintshana kobushushu obufihlakeleyo).Ngokuchaseneyo noko, ukuba ubumanzi bangaphakathi buthambile sele buthambile kwaye nomoya omtsha wangaphandle wome kakhulu okanye ufume kakhulu, ngoko ke i-ERV yeyona nto ifunwa ngumsebenzisi.
Ke, ukukhetha i-HRV okanye i-ERV ibalulekile ngokusekwe kumanzi ahlukeneyo angaphakathi/angaphandle kunye nemozulu, ukuba usabhidekile ke siyakwamkela uqhagamshelane neHoltop nge-imeyile.info@holtop.comuncedo.
I-China iba sisiseko semveliso kubathengi behlabathi.Ukuthunyelwa kwenkqubo ye-HVAC e-China ikhula ngokukhawuleza kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo.Impahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle yayizizigidi eziyi-9.448 ngo-2009;kwaye inyuke yaya kutsho kwi-12.685 yezigidi ngo-2010 yaza yafikelela kwi-22.3 yezigidi ngo-2011.
Ngaphantsi kwale mvelaphi, ngakumbi nangakumbi abavelisi be-AC bafuna ithuba lokunciphisa iindleko zabo zemveliso kunye nesitokhwe.Kwicandelo lokuphefumla ubushushu kunye namandla okubuyisela umoya, kuba ziyimveliso yamakhoboka kwizilungisi zomoya, inkonzo ye-OEM inokuba lolona khetho lungcono kubo ukuba bagqibe uluhlu lwemveliso ngokukhawuleza, kunokongeza imigca emitsha yemveliso kunye nezixhobo zokuzivelisa.
Njengomzi-mveliso wobuchwephesha osebenza ekuveliseni ubushushu kunye nee-ventilators zokubuyisela amandla e-China, iHoltop're iyakuvuyela ukubonelela ngenkonzo ye-OEM kubathengi kwihlabathi liphela.Holtop zinikezele ukubonelela ngenkonzo ye-OEM ye-HRV okanye i-ERV esekelwe kwiimfuno zomthengi kunye nokubonelela ngexabiso elikhuphisanayo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wemveliso.Ngoku iHoltop're isebenzisana neenkampani ezingaphezu kwama-30 ezidumileyo ezihlala eYurophu, kuMbindi Mpuma, eKorea, eMzantsi-mpuma Asia, eTaiwan, njl.
"Indlu yokwenziwa kwezinto" ithetha ukupholisa kunye nokufudumeza ngeyona ndlela inokwenzeka ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha efosili.Ukuxhomekeka kumandla azenzele wona kwisakhiwo kunye nokusetyenziswa okunengqiqo kwamandla avuselelekayo, sihlangabezana nendlu ekhululekile kwiimfuno zemozulu zangaphakathi.Ezi zinto ziphunyezwa ikakhulu ngokugqunywa kobushushu obuphezulu, ukutywina iifacade ezomeleleyo zokwakha kunye nokuphunyezwa kwamandla avuselelekayo.
Kuxelwe ukuba indlu ye-passive iphuma eFrankfurt, eJamani ngo-1991, njengoko ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye nezakhiwo ezisebenzayo zombane, izindlu ezingabonakaliyo ziye zakhuthazwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwihlabathi jikelele (ingakumbi eJamani).Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwezindlu ezingasebenziyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90% ngezantsi kunezakhiwo eziqhelekileyo.Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu banokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okufudumeza kunye namanzi ashushu ukuya kwiqanda okanye kufutshane neqanda.
Ngokutsho kolwazi olufanelekileyo, indawo yokwakha yonyaka yaseTshayina yayihlala ngaphezu kwe-50% yehlabathi, ukusuka kuphando olubonisa ukuba ukwakhiwa kwamaShayina kuye kwafikelela ngaphezu kwe-46 yeebhiliyoni zeemitha square, nangona kunjalo, ezi zindlu ubukhulu becala zizakhiwo ezingenamandla-ezokonga, zizo. ukumosha ubutyebi kunye nokungcolisa imo engqongileyo.
Ngexesha lentlanganiso ye-"Eagle PASSIVE house windows", uZhang Xiaoling uthe ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ezingenanto yenye yezona ndlela zibalulekileyo zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide.Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lomoya.Ukholelwa ukuba ulwakhiwo lwezindlu ezingasebenziyo luhambelana nomdla wawo onke amaqela.
Umhlali liqela lokuqala elixhamlayo kwizindlu ezihlala kwi-passive, ukuhlala kwi-passive house kukhululekile ngaphandle kwempembelelo ye-PM2.5.Ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zezindlu kunye nexabiso elongezelelweyo, abaphuhlisi bezindlu nomhlaba bangabantu besibini abaxhamla kwi-passive house.Kwilizwe, ngenxa yeempawu eziphambili zendlu ye-passive, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okufudumeza kugcinwe, emva koko inkcitho yoluntu igcinwe.Kubantu, izindlu ezingenzi nto zinegalelo ekunciphiseni igesi yegreenhouse, ukunciphisa inkungu kunye nobushushu basezidolophini.Ngaphantsi koku singashiya amandla kunye nezibonelelo kubantwana bethu nakwizizukulwana ezizayo.
I-Radiator isixhobo sokufudumeza, ngexesha elifanayo likwayisitya samanzi kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi ashushu ngaphakathi kombhobho.Xa sikhetha iradiyetha, sisoloko siva izibizo ezifanelekileyo malunga noxinzelelo lweradiyetha, njengoxinzelelo lokusebenza, uxinzelelo lovavanyo, uxinzelelo lwenkqubo, njl njl.Kubantu abangenalo ulwazi lwe-HVAC, ezi parameters zoxinzelelo ezinxulumeneyo zifana ne-hieroglyphics, abantu abasoze baqonde.Apha masifunde kunye ukuze siqonde ulwazi.
Uxinzelelo lokusebenza lubhekiselele kuxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza lwe-radiator.Iyunithi yomlinganiselo yiMPA.Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo lwe-radiator yensimbi luyi-0.8mpa, i-copper kunye ne-aluminium composite radiator yoxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwe-1.0mpa.
Uxinzelelo lovavanyo luyimfuneko yobugcisa obufunekayo ukuvavanya ukuxinana komoya weradiyetha kunye namandla, ngokuqhelekileyo amaxesha angama-1.2-1.5 oxinzelelo lokusebenza, umzekelo eChina, ixabiso lokuvavanya i-radiator yi-1.8mpa kubenzi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, emva kokuba uxinzelelo lufikelela kwisigxina. ixabiso lomzuzu omnye ngaphandle kwe-welding deformation kwaye akukho kuvuza ngoko kuyafaneleka.
Uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yokufudumeza ngokubanzi lukwi-0.4mpa, uvavanyo lokuqina kofakelo lweradiyetha kufuneka lwenziwe emva kokugqitywa, ukwehla koxinzelelo akufuneki kudlule i-0.05mpa ngemizuzu eyi-10, iinkqubo zokufudumeza zangaphakathi ziyeke ukucinezela ixesha yimizuzu emi-5, ukwehla koxinzelelo akufuneki kube ngaphezulu kwe-0.02mpa. .Ukuhlolwa kufuneka kugxininiswe kwimibhobho edibanisayo, ukudibanisa i-radiator kunye nokudibanisa i-valve.
Ukususela kolu hlalutyo lungentla, sinokubona ngokucacileyo ukuba uxinzelelo lokuvavanya i-radiator lukhulu kunoxinzelelo olusebenzayo, kwaye uxinzelelo lokusebenza lukhulu kunoxinzelelo lwenkqubo.Ngoko ke, ukuba umenzi we-radiator unokulandela le ndlela yokukhetha izinto eziphathekayo, ngqongqo kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa, ipropathi yokuxinzelela i-radiator iya kuqinisekiswa kwaye ibe nethuba elincinci lokuqhuma ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke.
I-VRF, ethe yafumana impumelelo kwiintengiso kwixesha elidlulileyo, echatshazelwa luqoqosho oludakumbisayo, yabonisa ukukhula okungalunganga okokuqala ngqa kwimarike enkulu.
Oku kulandelayo yimeko yeVRF kwiimarike zehlabathi.
Imarike yeVRF yaseYurophu inyuke nge-4.4%* unyaka nonyaka.Kwaye kwimarike yase-United States, ebamba amehlo kwihlabathi jikelele, ebonisa i-8.6% yezinga lokukhula, kodwa oku kukhula akukwazi ukufikelela kulindelo ngenxa yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluncitshisiweyo lukarhulumente.Kwimarike yase-US, ii-Mini-VRFs zibalelwa kwi-30% yazo zonke ii-VRF, ebonisa imfuno enkulu njengokutshintshwa kwee-chillers kwizicelo zokuthengisa ezilula.Ngetekhnoloji yabo, iinkqubo zeVRF zandisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.Nangona kunjalo, iVRF isabala kuphela malunga ne-5% yentengiso ye-air conditioner yorhwebo yase-US.
KwiLatin America, imakethi yeVRF yawa iyonke.Phakathi kwemveliso, iintlobo zempompo yobushushu zazilawula imarike.IBrazil igcine isikhundla sayo njengeyona marike inkulu yeVRF yaseLatin America, ilandelwa yiMexico neArgentina.
Makhe sijonge kwimarike Asia.
E-China, imakethi yeVRF yehle kakhulu unyaka nonyaka, kodwa ii-mini-VRFs zisakhula nge-11.8%.Ukuncipha kwakhona kwenzeka kwimarike ye-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia kwaye utyalo-mali olungaphezulu kunye noqeqesho luya kufuneka ukulima abathengisi.Nangona kunjalo, eIndiya, inani leenkqubo ze-mini-VRF liyanda njengoko izixeko zikhula.Kwaye iimodeli ezinemisebenzi yokufudumala nazo ziphucula kumntla weIndiya.
KuMbindi Mpuma wemarike, eqhutywa kukukhula kwabemi kunye nenani elandayo leeprojekthi zophuhliso lwesixeko esikhulu, iVRF eqhutywa phantsi kwemeko enzima yokusebenza njengamaqondo obushushu angaphandle aphezulu adlula i-50°C, iyenyuka.Kwaye eOstreliya, iinkqubo zeVRF ziye zanda kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo, kodwa ukukhula kweenkqubo ze-mini-VRF kubalelwa kwimfuno ephezulu evela kwiiprojekthi eziphakamileyo zekhondomu ezidolophini.Kuyaphawuleka ukuba i-VRFs yokubuyisela ubushushu e-Australia i-akhawunti ye-30% yemarike iyonke.
I-ventilator yokubuyisela amandla yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili zenkqubo yeVRF.Ichatshazelwa luqoqosho olumfiliba, ukukhula kwemarike ye-ERV yorhwebo kuya kuthoba isantya.Kodwa njengoko abantu benikela ingqalelo ngakumbi kumgangatho womoya wangaphakathi, imakethi yokuhlala ye-ERV iya kulindeleka ukuba ikhule ngokukhawuleza kulo nyaka.
Xa abantu bekuhambo lwezoshishino, behamba okanye betyelele izalamane ezikude, basenokukhetha ihotele ukuze baphumle.Yintoni abaya kucinga ngayo ngaphambi kokuba benze ukhetho, ukuthuthuzela, ukulungelwa okanye umgangatho wexabiso?Ngokwenyani, ukhetho lwehotele lunokuchaphazela iimvakalelo zabo okanye inkxalabo yabo ngexesha lonke lohambo.
Ngokuphishekela ubomi obuphezulu, umhlobiso wehotele okanye inkwenkwezi yenkonzo kwiwebhusayithi yehotele ayiyi kuba yinkqubo yokukhetha kuphela, abathengi ngoku bagxininisa ngakumbi kwiimvakalelo zomzimba.Kwaye umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi uba yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo.Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, akukho mntu ufuna ukuhlala ehotele enezinga eliphantsi lokungena komoya kunye nevumba elikhethekileyo.
Iihotele kufuneka zinike ingqwalasela enkulu kumgangatho womoya wangaphakathi, kuba into eyingozi, njenge-formaldehyde okanye i-VOC iya kukhulula ixesha elide.Ukufuma kwindawo yokuhlambela okanye ngorhatya kunye nentsholongwane kwifenitshala kuya kuzisa ukuxinana okuphezulu kwerhasi eyingozi.Imeko yomoya enjalo iya kuba nzima ukutsala abathengi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ihotele intle kangakanani na.
Khetha ihotele enenkqubo yokungenisa umoya.
Imfuno yomgangatho womoya izisa umbuzo kuthi, ngaba uya kuhlala ehotele ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokungenisa umoya?Ngokwenyani, kuphela emva kokuba sifumene umoya omtsha ii-ERVs ezizisela kuthi apho siya kuthi siqonde ukuba ivakala igqibelele kangakanani.Ke ngoko, ukuba neseti yenkqubo yokungenisa umoya yenye yeendlela zokuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu wehotele.Inkqubo yokungenisa umoya inokuphelisa umoya ongcolileyo kwaye ithumele umoya omtsha ngaphakathi kwindlu emva kokucoca umoya.
Ngaphezu koko, ngokwahlukileyo kwisimo somoya esisembindini, inkqubo yokungenisa umoya yokubuyisela amandla iya kuba sisithulisi.Akukho mntu uthanda ukuva ingxolo ngexesha lokulala, ngoko ke umthengi unokuvala i-air conditioning ebusuku, kwaye ayivule ngosuku olulandelayo, ngale ndlela amandla aya kuchithwa.Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ye-ERV yahlukile, ikwingxolo ephantsi, kwaye inokubaleka ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24 ngosuku kodwa ayizukusebenzisa kakhulu.
Ingxolo ephantsi, umoya omtsha, ukhuseleko kunye nokonga amandla, inkqubo yokungenisa umoya yokubuyisela amandla inokuzisa okungaphezulu kunokuba ucinga.