Zvese zvinhu zvinogona kuita kuti humiro hwemhepo hunyanye kusvibisa mweya.
Pane zvinhu zvakasikwa (zvakadai semoto wesango, kuputika kwemakomo, nezvimwewo) uye zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nevanhu (zvakadai sekubudisa maindasitiri, kupisa kwemarasha mudzimba, kupera kwemotokari, nezvimwewo).Iyo yekupedzisira ndiyo inonyanya kukosha, kunyanya iyo inokonzerwa nekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri nekutakura.
Natural sources:
Zvisikwa zvekusvibiswa kwemhepo zvinosanganisira:
kuputika kwegomo: Kubuda kweH2S, CO2, CO, HF, SO2 nemadota egomo rinoputika uye zvimwe zvinhu.
Moto wemasango: Emission ye CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, HC, nezvimwe.
Hupfu hwechisikigo: mhepo nejecha, guruva revhu, nezvimwe.
Sango chirimwa kuburitswa: kunyanya terpene hydrocarbons.
Sea wave droplet particulate matter: kunyanya sulfate uye sulfite
Aya manyuko echisikigo hanzvengeki.
Nzvimbo dzakagadzirwa nevanhu:
Kusvibiswa kwemhepo kunoitwa nevanhu kunobva papombi yemotokari uye negasi-yepakati kupisa.Asi zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvinobudiswawo mumhepo nedzimwe nzira kana kuti zvinoumbwa mumhepo nekuita nemamwe makemikari.Zvitubu zvezvinhu zvine chidimbu zvinosanganisira pendi, zvinwiwa zvekuchenesa uye zvinonyungudutsa.
Kusvibiswa kwemweya weguta kunosanganisira kubuda kwemota uye gasi-kupisa kupisa kwepakati, slurry yepurazi inopa gasi rinokuvadza zvakare.Saka ndosaka zano idzva richinetsa kuhurumende.Hazvina mhosva kuti unogara kupi, guta kana kumaruwa, zvakaoma kutiza kusvibiswa kwemhepo.
World Health Organization (WHO) yakanyevera kuti kusvibiswa kwemhepo kune ngozi zvikuru kupfuura zvaifungwa kare, sezvo kunoderedza mwero wakachengeteka wezvinhu zvikuru zvinosvibisa zvakadai senitrogen dioxide.WHO inofungidzira kuti vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni manomwe vanofa nguva isati yakwana gore negore kubva kuzvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekusvibiswa kwemhepo.Nyika dzine mari yakaderera nepakati dzinotambura zvakanyanya, nekuda kwekuvimba kwadzo nemafuta emafuta ekusimudzira hupfumi.WHO inocherekedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo sekusvibisa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye vari kukurudzira nhengo dzayo zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe neina kuti dzideredze hutsi uye kuita chimwe chiitiko pakushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze COP26 isati yasvika.
Kune vanhu vane matambudziko emoyo nemapapu, haisi nhau yekuti chepfu nemagasi ari kukuvadza vanhu padanho rakaderera pane zvaimbofungwa.Chii chakanyanya kuipa, tunhu tudiki twunogona kufemerwa mumapapu, uye vanhu havagone kuzvidzivirira.
Nhungamiro itsva dzinoita nepakati hupamhi hunokurudzirwa hwekuratidzwa kune tudiki tudiki hunodaidzwa kuti PM2.5s.Izvi zvinogadzirwa nekupisa mafuta mukugadzira magetsi, kupisa mudzimba uye injini dzemotokari.
"Inenge 80% yerufu dzine chekuita nePM2.5 dzinogona kudzivirirwa munyika kana huwandu hwazvino hwekusvibiswa kwemweya hwakaderedzwa kusvika kune hwakatsanangurwa mugwaro rakagadziridzwa, iri kucheka muganho unokurudzirwa kune imwe kirasi yediki diki, inozivikanwa sePM10. , ne25%.WHO yakati.
"Kunatsiridza hunhu hwemhepo kunogona kusimudzira kuyedza kudzikisira kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, ukuwo kuderedza kubuda kunovandudza mhepo," inodaro WHO.
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Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo ndapota shanya: https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-58657224
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-08-2021