Njengoba kubikiwe embikweni wokugcina Wezinkomba Zokulungela Okuhlakaniphile (i-SRI) ibhilidi elihlakaniphile liyibhilidi elikwazi ukuzwa, lihumushe, lixhumane futhi liphendule ngenkuthalo izidingo zabahlali nezimo zangaphandle.Ukuqaliswa okubanzi kobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile kulindeleke ukuthi kukhiqize ukonga amandla ngendlela eyongayo futhi kuthuthukiswe ukunethezeka kwasendlini ukulungisa izimo zemvelo yasendlini.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ohlelweni lwamandla oluzayo olunesabelo esikhulu sokuphehlwa kwamandla avuselelekayo asabalalisiwe, izakhiwo ezihlakaniphile zizoba yisisekelo sesidingo esisebenzayo sokuguquguquka kwamandla.
I-EPBD ebuyekeziwe egunyazwe yiPhalamende LaseYurophu ngo-Ephreli 17, 2018 ikhuthaza ukuqaliswa kokuzenzakalela kwesakhiwo kanye nokuqapha nge-elekthronikhi kwezinhlelo zokwakha zobuchwepheshe, isekela ukuhamba kwe-elekthronikhi futhi yethula i-SRI, ukuze kuhlolwe ukulungela kwezobuchwepheshe kwesakhiwo kanye nekhono lokuxhumana abahlali kanye negridi.Inhloso ye-SRI iwukuqwashisa ngezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe bokwakha nokusebenza okuhlakaniphile nokwenza lezi zinzuzo zibonakale kubasebenzisi bezakhiwo, abanikazi, abaqashi, nabahlinzeki besevisi abahlakaniphile.
Ngokuthembela ekunakekeleni nasekuqinisweni kwe-Smart Building Innovation Community (SBIC), iphrojekthi ye-H2020 SmartBuilt4EU (SB4EU) inenjongo yokusekela ubuchwepheshe bokwakha obuhlakaniphile ukuze bufinyelele amandla abo aphelele kanye nokususa lezo zithiyo ezibambezela ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwamandla. kwezakhiwo.Omunye wemisebenzi eyenziwa ngaphakathi kwephrojekthi uhlose ukuchaza izinzuzo eziyinhloko kanye nezinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile (ama-KPI) ezizokhuphula inani le-SRI evumela ukuchazwa kwecala lebhizinisi eliphumelelayo lezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile.Uma sekuhlonzwe isethi yokuqala yalezo zinzuzo ezihlangene kanye nama-KPI ngokubuyekezwa okubanzi kwezincwadi, kwenziwa ucwaningo phakathi kochwepheshe bezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile ukuze kuqoqwe impendulo futhi kuqinisekiswe izinkomba ezikhethiwe.Umphumela walokhu kuxoxisana uholele ohlwini olwethulwe lapha ngemuva.
Ama-KPI
Amasevisi alungele ukusetshenziswa ngobuchwepheshe besimanje anomthelela ngezindlela ezimbalwa isakhiwo, abasebenzisi baso, kanye negridi yamandla.Umbiko wokugcina we-SRI uchaza iqoqo lezigaba eziyisikhombisa zomthelela: ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukunakekelwa kanye nokubikezela amaphutha, ukunethezeka, ukunethezeka, impilo nokuphila kahle, ulwazi kubahlali kanye nokuguquguquka kwegridi nokugcinwa.Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Co-benefits kanye ne-KPIs kuhlukaniswe ngokwalezi zigaba zomthelela.
Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla
Lesi sigaba sisho imithelela yobuchwepheshe obulungele ukusebenza kahle ekwakheni ukusebenza kwamandla, isibonelo ukonga okuvela ekulawuleni kangcono izilungiselelo zegumbi lokushisa.Izinkomba ezikhethiwe yilezi:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuyinhloko: kumelela amandla ngaphambi kwanoma yiluphi uguquko olusetshenziswa kumaketanga okuhlinzeka ngabathwali bamandla asetshenzisiwe.
- Isidingo Samandla kanye Nokusetshenziswa: kubhekiselwa kuwo wonke amandla anikezwa umsebenzisi wokugcina.
- I-Degree of Energetic Self-Supply by renewable energy sources (RES): isilinganiso samandla akhiqizwa esizeni asuka ku-RES kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, esikhathini esinqunyiwe.
- I-Load Cover Factor: imele isilinganiso sesidingo samandla kagesi esihlanganiswa ugesi okhiqizwa endaweni.
Isondlo kanye nokubikezela amaphutha
Ukutholwa kwamaphutha okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuxilongwa kunamandla okuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokugcinwa kwemisebenzi yezinhlelo zokwakha zobuchwepheshe.Isibonelo, ukutholwa kokungcola kwesihlungi ohlelweni lokungena komoya lwemishini kuholela ekwehliseni ukusetshenziswa kukagesi yifeni futhi kuvumela ukungenelela kokulungisa isikhathi okungcono.Iphrojekthi ye-H2020 EEnvest ebhekene nokunciphisa ubungozi bokwakha ukutshalwa kwezimali ngendlela efanele ihlinzeke ngezinkomba ezimbili:
- Igebe eliphansi lokusebenza kwamandla: umsebenzi wokwakha uveza ukungasebenzi okumbalwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezimo zephrojekthi eziholela esikhaleni sokusebenza kwamandla.Leli gebe lingancishiswa ngamasistimu okuqapha.
- Izindleko eziphansi zokulungisa nokushintsha: izinsiza ezilungele ukulungiswa zinciphisa izindleko zokulungisa nokushintsha njengoba zivumela ukuvimbela noma ukubona amaphutha nokwehluleka.
Induduzo
Ukunethezeka kwabahlali kubhekisela ekuboneni okwaziyo nokunganakile kwendawo engokwenyama, okuhlanganisa ukunethezeka okushisayo, okuzwakalayo, nokubonakalayo.Amasevisi e-Smart adlala indima ebalulekile ekulungiseni izimo zasendlini nezidingo zabahlali.Izinkomba eziyinhloko yilezi:
- I-Predicted Mean Vote (PMV): ukunethezeka kwe-thermal kungahlolwa yile nkomba ebikezela inani elimaphakathi lamavoti elinikezwe esikalini sokuzwa ukushisa elisuka ku--3 liye ku-+3 iqembu labantu abahlezi ebhilidini.
- Iphesenti Elibikezelwe Lokunganeliseki (PPD): elihlotshaniswa ne-PMV, le nkomba isungula ukubikezela kwenani lamaphesenti abahlali abanganelisekile ngokushisa.
- I-Daylight factor (DF): mayelana nokunethezeka okubonakalayo, le nkomba ichaza isilinganiso sangaphandle ngaphezu kwezinga lokukhanya langaphakathi, elivezwe ngamaphesenti.Lapho iphesenti liphezulu, ukukhanya kwemvelo kuyatholakala endaweni yasendlini.
- Izinga lokucindezela komsindo: le nkomba ihlola ukunethezeka kwe-acoustic yasendlini ngesisekelo sezinga lokucindezela komsindo wasendlini elilinganisiwe lika-A elilinganiselwe ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuhlala.
Impilo nenhlalakahle
Amasevisi alungele ubuhlakani anomthelela enhlalakahleni nempilo yabahlali.Isibonelo isilawuli esihlakaniphile sihlose ukuthola kangcono ikhwalithi yomoya ephansi yasendlini uma kuqhathaniswa nezilawuli ezivamile, okuqinisekisa indawo enempilo yasendlini.
- Ukugxiliswa kwe-CO2: ukugxiliswa kwe-CO2 kuyinkomba evame ukusetshenziswa ukucacisa ikhwalithi yemvelo yasendlini (IEQ).Izinga le-EN 16798-2:2019 libeka imikhawulo yokugxilisa ingqondo ye-CO2 ezigabeni ezine ezihlukene ze-IEQ.
- Izinga lokungena komoya: lixhunywe kusilinganiso sesizukulwane se-CO2, izinga lokungena komoya liqinisekisa ukuthi i-IEQ efanele ingatholwa.
Ukuguquguquka kwamandla nokugcinwa
Kugridi lapho isabelo semithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ngezikhathi ezithile sikhula, ubuchwepheshe obukhaliphile buhlose ukuguqula isidingo samandla wokwakha kusenesikhathi ukuze kudalwe ukufana okungcono nokunikezwa kwamandla.Lesi sigaba asisebenzi kumagridi kagesi kuphela, kodwa sihlanganisa nezinye izithwali zamandla, njengokushisisa kwesifunda namagridi okupholisa.
- I-Mismatch Ratio Yonyaka: umehluko wonyaka phakathi kwesidingo kanye nokuphakelwa kwamandla avuselelekayo endawo.
- Inkomba Yokufanisa Yomthwalo: ibhekisela kumdlalo phakathi komthwalo kanye nesizukulwane se-onsite.
- Inkomba Yokusebenzelana Kwegridi: ichaza ukucindezelwa kwegridi okumaphakathi, kusetshenziswa ukuchezuka okujwayelekile kokusebenzisana kwegridi esikhathini esingangonyaka.
Ulwazi kubahlali
Lesi sigaba sisho ikhono lesakhiwo kanye nezinhlelo zaso zokuhlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nokusebenza kwebhilidi nokuziphatha kubahlali noma kubaphathi besikhungo.Ulwazi olufana nekhwalithi yomoya wasendlini, ukukhiqizwa okuvela ezintweni ezivuselelekayo namandla okugcina.
- Ukusebenzelana nabathengi: ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi impendulo evamile kubahlali ingaholela ekunciphiseni kokugcina kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwekhaya ebangeni elisuka ku-5% ukuya ku-10%, lisekele ushintsho ekuziphatheni kwabahlali.
Ukunethezeka
Lesi sigaba sihlose ukuqoqa leyo mithelela “eyenza impilo ibe lula” kumhlali.Kungachazwa njengekhono lokwenza ukuphila komsebenzisi kube lula, ukukhululeka umsebenzisi afinyelela ngakho kumasevisi.Lesi sigaba bekunzima kakhulu ukusihlola ngokwezinkomba, ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinkomba zezincwadi ngesihloko, nokho izici ezihlonza kangcono izinzuzo ezihlangene zezinsizakalo ezihlakaniphile kulesi sigaba yilezi:
- Amandla okuxhumana nezinsiza zokwakha ezihlala zivuselelwa, ngaphandle kokuthi umsebenzisi abhekane nakho.
- Izici nemisebenzi evumelana nezidingo ezishintshayo zomsebenzisi.
- Ikhono lokufinyelela ulwazi nezilawuli ukusuka endaweni eyodwa noma okungenani ngendlela efanayo (isipiliyoni somsebenzisi).
- Ukubika / isifinyezo sedatha egadiwe kanye neziphakamiso kumsebenzisi.
Isiphetho
Izinzuzo eziningi ezihambisanayo eziningi kanye nama-KPI ahlotshaniswa nezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile abonisiwe ngenxa yomsebenzi wokubuyekezwa kwezincwadi namaphrojekthi owenziwe ngaphakathi kwephrojekthi ye-H2020 SmartBuilt4EU.Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziwukuhlaziya okujulile kwezigaba ezinzima kakhulu mayelana nokuhlonza ama-KPI njengokwenza kube lula lapho kungatholwanga khona ukuvumelana okwanele, ulwazi kubahlali nokugcinwa nokugcinwa kanye nokubikezelwa kwamaphutha.Ama-KPI akhethiwe azohlanganiswa nendlela yokulinganisa.Imiphumela yale misebenzi kanye nezinkomba zezincwadi izoqoqwa kuphrojekthi ezolethwa 3.1, ebonwe kusengaphambili kulo Septhemba.Ulwazi olwengeziwe lungatholakala kuwebhu ye-SmartBuilt4EU.
Isihloko esivela ku-https://www.buildup.eu/en/node/61263
I-Holtopuhlelo lwe-ventilation oluhlakaniphile lokubuyisela amandlaiyisinqumo esifanele sesistimu yokwakha ehlakaniphile.Isistimu yokubuyisela ukushisa yokubuyisela ukushisa emoyeni ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle kohlangothi olushisayo nokubanda nokunciphisa i-carbon footprint yezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile.Dala izindawo ezinethezekile, ezithule, ezinempilo ezinezixazululo ezithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomoya, ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu, nokulawula izinga lokushisa.Ngaphandle kwalokho, izilawuli ezihlakaniphile ezinomsebenzi we-WiFi zenza impilo ibe lula.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-20-2021