Msika wopopera kutentha kwa mpweya ndi madzi (ATW) ku Italy ndi ku Ulaya monga kukula kwa mbiri yakale mu 2021. Zinthu zingapo zinapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa malonda m'magulu onse.
Msika waku Italy
Msika waku Italy wa pampu ya kutentha kwa ATW udapeza malonda odabwitsa a mayunitsi opitilira 150,000 mu 2021, kuchokera pa mayunitsi 57,000 mu 2020 ndi pafupifupi mayunitsi 40,000 mu 2017.
Pa mayunitsi 150,000, machitidwe osakanizidwa, gawo latsopano lovuta, loyimira pafupifupi mayunitsi 62,000.Kugulitsa kwamakina osakanizidwa kudakwera kwambiri, chifukwa chogwirizana bwino ndi mapulani apadera olimbikitsa omwe boma la Italy lidakhazikitsa kuti lipititse patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi m'nyumba, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatengera magawo atatu otsatirawa, omwe nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ngati njira yapadera, yofotokozedwa ngati:
Pa mayunitsi 150,000, machitidwe osakanizidwa, gawo latsopano lovuta, loyimira pafupifupi mayunitsi 62,000.Kugulitsa kwamakina osakanizidwa kudakwera kwambiri, chifukwa chogwirizana bwino ndi mapulani apadera olimbikitsa omwe boma la Italy lidakhazikitsa kuti lipititse patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi m'nyumba, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatengera magawo atatu otsatirawa, omwe nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ngati njira yapadera, yofotokozedwa ngati:
Gawo 1: Jenereta yotenthetsera yotenthetsera gasi yomwe imachokera ku njira zowotchera;
Gawo 2: Pampu yotentha ya ATW yoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi yomwe imatha kupereka kutentha kwa malo ndi kuziziritsa kwa malo ndipo imatha kupanga madzi otentha apanyumba (DHW);
Gawo 3: Dongosolo lapakati loyang'anira, lomwe nthawi zambiri limaphatikizika bwino, limatha kuwongolera zida zonse zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wochita bwino kwambiri, mwachitsanzo kugwiritsa ntchito jenereta yotenthetsera kutentha kwa gasi pomwe kutentha kwakunja kumakhala kotsika kwambiri. , ndikugwiritsa ntchito jenereta yopopera kutentha makamaka pamene kutentha kwakunja kumalola kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu yamagetsi yofunikira kuyendetsa mpope wa kutentha.
Italy ndi umodzi mwamisika yayikulu kwambiri yotenthetsera ku Europe.M'zaka zaposachedwa, Italy yakhala ikulimbikitsa kutentha kwamagetsi ongowonjezedwanso, mwina chifukwa cha European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) ya 2018/844/EU yosintha Directive 2010/31/EU pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zomanga nyumba ndi Directive 2012/27/ EU pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi ndi Directive 2018/2001/EU pakulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuchokera kuzinthu zongowonjezwdwa.Makamaka, mapampu otentha a ATW, kuphatikiza mitundu yonse iwiri ya monobloc ndi yogawanika, yokhala ndi matanki ophatikizika kapena opanda madzi otentha, akhala akukulirakulira.Kuonjezera apo, machitidwe osakanizidwa akukula mofulumira, chifukwa cha ubwino wake mwachitsanzo, luso lamakono komanso kuphatikiza kwa teknoloji ya ATW kutentha kwapampu ndi njira zamakono zoyaka moto.Mu gawo la hybrid system, monga mwachizolowezi, opanga ku Italy akuwonetsa kuthekera kwawo kosinthira mwachangu kusintha kwa msika, kukhala atsogoleri nthawi yomweyo pakupanga ndi kugulitsa zinthuzi.
Zindikirani: Zambiri zamsika za ku Italy za ATW zomwe zili mu gawoli zachokera pa kafukufuku wa Assoclima pa msika wa ku Italy wotenthetsera, mpweya wabwino, ndi zoziziritsira mpweya (HVAC) zomwe zidaperekedwa ku Milan, Italy, pa Marichi 25, 2022.
Msika waku Europe
Zoyembekeza za 2022
Ku Europe konse, msika wopopera kutentha wakhala ukuwonetsa zabwino kwambiri posachedwa.Malinga ndi ndemanga za Thomas Nowak, mlembi wamkulu wa European Heat Pump Association (EHPA), pali zotheka konkriti kuti msika wopopera kutentha ku European Union (EU) ukhoza kukula ndi 20 mpaka 25% chaka ndi chaka mu 2022. Izi zidzakhala mayunitsi owonjezera 500,000 a mapampu otentha, monga air-to-air (ATA), ATW, ndi mitundu ya geothermal, yomwe idzagwiritsidwe ntchito kutenthetsa malo ndi kutenthetsa madzi.
Zovuta Zamsika
Msika wopopera kutentha kwa EU pano ukukumana ndi zovuta zina monga kusowa kwa ma semiconductors ndi zigawo zina, komanso kusowa kwamtsogolo kwa akatswiri aluso.
Zambiri mwazovutazi zitha kuthetsedwa ndi European Chips Act yomwe ili ndi njira zowonetsetsa chitetezo cha EU pakupereka, kulimba mtima, ndi utsogoleri waukadaulo muukadaulo wa semiconductor ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso #Skills4climate yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuphunzitsa akatswiri aluso pakusintha kobiriwira ndi digito. .
Komabe, nkhani ya mtengo ikadalipo.Mwachitsanzo, mitengo yamkuwa, aluminiyamu, zitsulo ndi zitsulo zina yakwera kwambiri.Kuti mitengo ya mapampu otentha ikhale yotsika mtengo, njira zonse zoyenera zimafunikira.Mitengo yamagetsi ikukweranso.Maboma ena amakhometsa misonkho yokwera kwambiri ya magetsi kuposa mphamvu ya zinthu zakale zokwiririka pansi zakale ndipo akuperekabe mphamvu zopangira zinthu zakale.
Kuphatikiza apo, sikophweka kuyitanitsa pampu yotentha.Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kulankhula ndi akatswiri ambiri ndikupeza ndalama.
Chifukwa chake, vuto ndi lalikulu kwambiri kuposa kungowonjezera mphamvu zopangira.Njira yanthawi yayitali ndiyofunikira kuti mumange msika waku Europe komanso wapampopi wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi cholinga chomaliza cha decarbonization ya kutentha ndi kuziziritsa mnyumba.
Miyezo Yogwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu
Mapampu otenthetsera amayenera kufikira magawo ena a magwiridwe antchito kuti alandire zolimbikitsa m'maiko onse aku Europe.Kuchokera kumbali iyi komanso, ntchito yopulumutsa mphamvu ya mapampu otentha yakhala mfundo yofunika kwambiri kwa opanga.
Ponena za mawonedwe a magwiridwe antchito a mapampu otentha, miyezo yowonjezereka ya ku Europe ikutenga chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya nyengo (SEER) ndi coefficient of performance (SCOP), kuchoka ku chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu (EER) ndi coefficient of performance (COP).TS EN 14825 TS EN 14825 Ma air conditioners, mapaipi oziziritsa madzi ndi mapampu otentha, okhala ndi ma compressor oyendetsedwa ndi magetsi, zotenthetsera ndi kuziziritsa malo - Kuyesa ndi kuvotera pazigawo zina zolemetsa ndikuwerengera magwiridwe antchito a nyengo' 14511: Ma air conditioners, mapaipi oziziritsa amadzimadzi ndi mapampu otentha okhala ndi ma compressor oyendetsedwa ndi magetsi otenthetsera malo ndi kuziziritsa ndi kuzizira, okhala ndi ma compressor oyendetsedwa ndi magetsi - Gawo 1: Migwirizano ndi matanthauzidwe'.
Ponena za kuwerengera kwa SCOP, ndi EN 14825, pampu yotentha iyenera kuyesedwa pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha yogwirizana ndi kutentha komwe kumatanthauzidwa mu EN 14511. Chitsanzo cha kutentha kwa kutentha kwa mapampu otentha a ATW m'madera osiyanasiyana a nyengo akuperekedwa mu Table. 1. Ponena za mayeso a zilembo zamphamvu zaku Europe ndi zofunikira zochepa, pamapampu onse otentha, SCOP ya Avereji yanyengo yanyengo ndiyovomerezeka, pomwe ndiyodzipereka kumadera Ofunda ndi Ozizira.
Olamulira ndi madalaivala anzeru tsopano akugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera momwe mapampu otentha a ATW amayendera nyengo, poyang'anira kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zawo pakugwira ntchito kwa chaka chonse.
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zowongolera pampu yamoto ndi madalaivala: njira yodziyimira payokha komanso njira yofunidwa.Pankhani ya njira yokhazikika, owongolera ndi oyendetsa amapangidwa ngati phukusi lazinthu zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za makasitomala.Kwa njira zomwe zimafunidwa, owongolera ndi madalaivala amapangidwa mwapadera ndikusinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa za makasitomala, kuyambira pazinthu zokhazikika.
Zolemba
1) Pdesignh: Adalengeza kuziziritsa / kutenthetsa katundu
2） Tbivalent: Kutentha kwa Bivalent kutanthauza kutentha kwakunja (°C) komwe wopanga akuwotchera komwe mphamvu yolengezedwa ikufanana ndi gawo la katundu ndipo pansi pake mphamvu yomwe yalengezedwa iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi mphamvu yotenthetsera yamagetsi yamagetsi kuti athe kuthana nayo. gawo katundu kwa Kutenthetsa.
3） Tol: Kutentha kwa malire a ntchito kutanthauza kutentha kwakunja (°C) komwe wopanga amawotchera, pansi pomwe choziziritsa mpweya sichidzatha kupereka kutentha kulikonse.Pansi pa kutentha uku, mphamvu yolengezedwa ndiyofanana ndi ziro.
Gwero: Danish Energy Agency
Kuti mudziwe zambiri, chonde pitani:https://www.ejarn.com/detail.php?id=70744&l_id=
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-23-2022